11 Simple steps to make a solar system
We all need electricity, and no one can stay without it. Some of us have the ability to make a solar system by his way to get some free power, but some others have no idea how to do that.
Step by step, in this article, I will explain to you how to make this possible, how to install your solar system to get free electricity, to minimize consumption, and to live an eco-friendly life (help the environment )
Table of Contents
#1.Solar Panels
1. Pick up the right number of solar panels
look out how many kilowatts (KWh) of electricity you use (need ) each month or each day,For example: if you consume 2kwh each day, how many panels you have to buy?
First suggestion: for 2000 w / 100w equals 20.
you need at least 20 Solar Panel of 100 w.
Second suggestion: 10 Solar Panel of 200 w
100 w or 200w?
ََAfter making all the calculus of power you need, now you have to choose the required Panel, and to get that you should know tow things :
#2. Cost per watt.
#2.Efficiency
The Solar Panel s efficiency rating refers to the amount of solar radiation converted by the panel and the acceptable efficiency range of the output power produced by a solar panel is between 15-22 %. and the more efficient the panel, the more the output the panel give.
When you know that using the more efficient panel rather than less one while it cost a bit more you have to know also that the more efficient one allows reducing the area.
For example :
Let s suppose we have two solar Panels one with 250 W and 17 % efficient and the second one of 300 W and 18 % efficient while they have the same size (same number of cells).
#3.Size of solar panels
All solar panels you know come with theses configurations :
- 60 -cell ; “40*66” (+/-1 inch)
- 72 -cell ; “40*78” (+/-1 inch)
Size does not have a relation with the price because some panels have the same size but different efficiency which means a different overall output however caring much about the size exactly for a roof mount
The 60-cell panels and the 72-cell panels, knowing that until recently, these two types were among the most common panels produced by companies, but with the introduction of the half-cell technology and the 1/3 cell technology, as well as the multi-busbars technology, (i.e. the 9-board and 12-pass bars), the situation changed Much.
These types of solar panels (with five pass bars and fewer) will be out of the past very soon, so prepare yourself from now for market changes.
#4.Warranty
The quality of the solar panels is an important factor to ensure the operation of the electrical system don’t forget to buy a Panel with a High Performance and without manufacturing defects And do not be deceived by the low price of the solar panel, because most of the solar panels that are found in the market at low prices are not of high quality and have major defects and are not suitable for their installation.
#5.Roof Mount or Ground Mount?
Ground mount
Building your system at the ground may be the only option you can take for some reasons ;
- when you have no space on your roof or it’s not oriented.
- Installing a solar system on the ground makes it easier to clean.
- Maintain and replace the equipment.
- you can control the orientation of your installation system and fix it to the right position
Roof mount
Most people choose roof mounts instead of ground mounts by default for some reasons ;
- when there is no space on the ground.
- less expensive.
- installing a solar system on the roof takes less time to build.
- One of the advantages of making your system on the roof is to use this unused space(roof) and in the same time, you will gain some areas for making different things.
#6.Orientation and Azimuth
1.Orientation
Solar panels should point directly toward the equator for maximum exposure to the sun, there are many ways and tools to get the required direction.
2.Azimuth
If you are working on your roof and are unable to adjust the orientation, East and West work at reduced efficiency. (Never construct an equator-facing machine. It will not generate a significant amount of power.)
The horizontal face is known as the azimuth of your panels (in relation to the equator).
That’s half the equation: to tilt your tables, you also need to find the right angle.
As a rule, to get the most production year-round, you should set your panels at an angle equal to your latitude. Los Angeles, for example, is situated at 34.05 ° N latitude. In L.A., you’ll get the most out of a system built at a 34 ° angle.
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#7.Temperature coefficient
the temperature coefficient is an important factor because it measures the impact of the temperature on the energy produced by your solar panels while the temperature increases or decreases according to the ideal value( in standard tests conditions 25°C /100 w/m2 ).
For example : most of solar panels are tested in 25 ° so let s suppose that the temperature of the site is 35 °C and the temperature coefficient is -0.5 %Wp(Watt power) and when we multiply 35 by the diffrence temperature ( 0.5*(35-25)) we get 5 °C. this panel is operating 5 % below it rated power output .
so the most the temperature is high the more power is less ( warm climates) and if you live in places where the temperature is high look for panels with low temperature coefficients .
#8.Quality of the solar panels
Solar panel quality play an important role , for that reason you have to look for well know solar companies.
#9.Design
Some homeowners care much about designe and the outside looks and if you are one of them make sure that :
- Colors: Polycrystalline solar panels are blue while Monocrystalline is black, the frame usually black or silver, and the back sheet usually white or black.
I m stating this point because some places are governed by homeowners’ organizations and this organization may have some rules to unify homes in design and externe colors.
#10.The impact of shade
One of the big enemies of solar systems is shade if it all possible try to build your system while they will not be covered by shade, avoid shade because one panel covered by shade reduce its output production and May affect the whole string (i.e n number of panels series and parallel ) (depending on the inverter you use ) and exactly in the winter when shadows grow longer.
Trees, hight structures and other obstacles cause the shade on a solar panel so try to study your house before you made the system because a solar panel gives its rated efficiency in full sunlight ( solar radiation reach the solar panel ) .
What if shade is unavoidable ? in this case try to use a microinverter or shade opimizer to address the problem and allow panels to produce energy independly from each others .
#11.Maintenance
Everything we made need some corrections and maintenance, solar systems don t need a ton of maintenance but some upkeeping like :
- Clean your panels occasionally from dust that affect the production of the panel ( don t worry,you don t need to do in the presence of snow and rain (: ) and for low titl angels the solar panel don t gather a big quantity of dry and dust ).
- ٌRegulator configuration
I think this is all that you need to do if you want to start making a solar system with simple 11 steps. If this short guide was helpful we like to see your comments and if this is not what you looking for this second solar system guideline may help.
Thank you
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